Fire Resistance: Fire doors are constructed using materials that are resistant to fire and heat. They are designed to withstand fire for a specified period, typically ranging from 20 minutes to several hours, depending on the fire rating.

Self-Closing Mechanism: Fire doors are equipped with self-closing devices such as door closers or spring hinges. These mechanisms ensure that the door automatically closes and latches after it’s been opened, helping to maintain the fire barrier.

Intumescent Seals: Intumescent seals or strips are installed around the edges of fire doors. When exposed to heat, these seals expand and seal the gaps between the door and the door frame, preventing the passage of smoke and hot gases.

Fire-Rated Hardware: Fire doors are equipped with fire-rated hardware, including locks, latches, and hinges, which are designed to maintain the door’s fire resistance properties.

Fire Exit Hardware: Fire doors often feature panic bars or crash bars for quick and easy egress during emergencies. These devices allow occupants to exit the building rapidly without the need for manual operation.

Fire Door Labeling: Fire doors typically have a label or tag that displays important information, including the manufacturer’s name, fire rating, and other relevant details. This label ensures that the door meets fire code requirements.

Types of Fire Doors:

1. Swinging Fire Doors: These are the most common type of fire doors and operate like regular doors, swinging on hinges. They can be single or double leaf doors.

2. Sliding Fire Doors: Sliding fire doors operate on a track system and are suitable for locations with limited space for swing doors. They are often used in industrial settings.

3. Rolling Fire Doors: Rolling fire doors consist of a series of interlocking slats or curtains that roll up into a coil above the door opening. They are commonly used in areas where quick closure is necessary, such as warehouses and commercial garages.

4. Specialized Fire Doors: Some fire doors are designed for specific applications, such as blast-resistant doors for industrial facilities or acoustic fire doors for soundproofing.

Fire Door Installation and Maintenance:

• Fire doors should be installed by trained professionals in accordance with local building codes and fire safety standards.
• Regular inspection, maintenance, and testing are essential to ensure that fire doors remain functional and effective in case of a fire.
• Fire door assemblies should not be altered or modified without consulting fire safety professionals, as any changes can affect their fire resistance properties.